Why Your Imaging Results May Not Explain Your Pain

When experiencing persistent pain, especially in areas like the back or joints, it’s common to rely on imaging tests such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to identify the cause. Many assume that if an imaging test shows something like a herniated disc or arthritis, it must be the reason for the pain. However, imaging results don’t always directly correlate with the pain you feel. 

The Complexity of Pain 

Pain is not simply caused by visible damage or injury. It’s a complex experience influenced by not only physical factors but also psychological and emotional ones. Research has shown that pain can occur even without obvious tissue damage. This means that just because an imaging result shows a structural issue, it doesn’t guarantee that it’s the cause of your pain. For instance, someone with arthritis or disc degeneration might not feel any pain, while someone with no visible abnormalities could experience significant discomfort. 

Imaging Findings Don’t Always Match Symptoms 

Imaging results can often be misleading. Studies have found that up to 40% of people over 40 have disc bulges or degenerative changes without any back pain. Additionally, 60% of people over 60 have signs of rotator cuff tears on MRIs but no shoulder pain. These findings show that imaging results often don’t correlate with symptoms. Pain may stem from muscle imbalances, poor posture, stress, or lifestyle factors, rather than just structural issues. 

The Role of Physiotherapy 

Physiotherapists assess more than just imaging results. They consider your movement patterns, posture, and daily habits. Through a comprehensive approach, physiotherapy can address musculoskeletal imbalances and improve strength, flexibility, and movement efficiency, even if imaging shows structural issues. Techniques such as manual therapy, posture correction, and exercises tailored to your needs can help reduce pain and improve overall function. 

In Summary 

While imaging tests can help rule out serious conditions, they are not always the definitive cause of your pain. Pain is complex and may not always correlate with structural abnormalities seen on an MRI or X-ray. Physiotherapists take a holistic approach to pain management, treating the body’s overall function and movement, which can lead to more effective, long-term relief. Your pain may not be linked to what the images show — it’s essential to treat the whole body, not just the results on the screen.